Kashi in the Mahabharata: The Ancient Kingdom of Varanasi and Its Role in the Kurukshetra Age
In modern geographical terms, the heartland of Kashi corresponds most closely to Varanasi and adjoining parts of eastern Uttar Pradesh. The exact political boundaries of a Mahabharata-era kingdom cannot be reconstructed with modern district-level precision, so any modern map should be treated as an approximate geographical representation rather than a fixed ancient frontier. The Government of Uttar Pradesh likewise identifies Varanasi with the ancient name Kashi.