Research

They are meant to ensure that biological resources used in research, innovation, and commercial applications are accessed lawfully and that the benefits arising from such use are shared fairly with the provider country. The certificates therefore sit at the heart of the global access-and-benefit-sharing framework, which seeks to balance scientific and commercial use of biodiversity with equity and sovereign rights over biological resources.

According to the official release, the researchers recovered graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries and chemically exfoliated it to increase its surface area and the number of reactive edge functional groups.

They are powered by compact objects such as black holes or neutron stars that pull in matter from a companion star. As this material spirals inward, it forms an accretion disk and releases enormous amounts of energy. What makes ULXs especially intriguing is that they can shine far beyond the so-called Eddington limit, the theoretical brightness cap for a celestial object of a given mass.

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections can generate shock waves in the Sun’s corona, producing a specific type of radio emission known as Type II solar radio bursts. These bursts, often described as slow-drifting, typically travel at around 1,000 km per second and are detected in the radio wave spectrum. As the shock moves outward from the Sun, the bursts gradually drift from higher to lower radio frequencies.

The research was carried out by a team from the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), an autonomous institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), in collaboration with CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru. The team evaluated the materials for performance in two critical clean energy areas: energy storage and hydrogen generation.

The discovery could help scientists and engineers better control particle size, porosity and crystallinity — three factors that strongly influence the performance of these materials in real-world applications.

The newly discovered species, named Neoloboptera peninsularis, was found in agricultural fields in Maharashtra’s Pune district. What makes this discovery particularly notable is the use of modern scientific methods—scientists combined traditional physical examination with advanced DNA-based analysis to confirm that the insect is indeed a previously unknown species.

The magnetic field. According to the researchers, magnetism can act as a stabilising influence, slowing down collapse and preventing molecular clouds from converting all their gas into stars too quickly.