Vidya

It will be seen that this Hindu theory of government was based on a belief in the innate depravity of man. If there is no strong authority to keep men under control, the stronger would destroy the weaker, just as the big fish destroy the small fish in the sea. Government, rulers and laws become necessary to prevent this “Matsya Nyaya” operating in human society.

These four Upayasa form the basis of the six forms of foreign policy. Apart from these six methods of diplomacy, Kautilya describes 3 more methods of diplomacy.

These six policies are very important to implement the Mandala Theory in practice and adaptable to the circumstances arising out of the dynamics of political situations.